Embryonic hemoglobin

Embryonic hemoglobin is a tetramer produced in the blood islands in the embryonic yolk sac during the mesoblastic stage (1st week of pregnancy till end of pregnancy). The protein is commonly referred to as Hemoglobin ε or HbE.

Chromosomal abnormalities can lead to a delay in switching from embryonic hemoglobin.[1]

Subtypes include Gower 1, Gower 2, and Portland 2.[2]

References

  1. ^ Al-Mufti R, Hambley H, Farzaneh F, Nicolaides KH (July 2000). "Fetal and embryonic hemoglobins in erythroblasts of chromosomally normal and abnormal fetuses at 10-40 weeks of gestation". Haematologica 85 (7): 690–3. PMID 10897119. http://www.haematologica.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10897119. 
  2. ^ He Z, Russell JE (February 2001). "Expression, purification, and characterization of human hemoglobins Gower-1 (zeta(2)epsilon(2)), Gower-2 (alpha(2)epsilon(2)), and Portland-2 (zeta(2)beta(2)) assembled in complex transgenic-knockout mice". Blood 97 (4): 1099–105. doi:10.1182/blood.V97.4.1099. PMID 11159543. http://www.bloodjournal.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11159543. 
Globins
Subunits

Alpha locus on 16: α (HBA1, HBA2) · ζ (HBZ) · θ (HBQ1) · μ (HBM)

Beta locus on 11: β (HBB) · δ (HBD) · γ (HBG1, HBG2) · ε (HBE1)

stages of development: HbA (α2β2) · HbA2 (α2δ2) · HbF/Fetal (α2γ2) · HbE Gower 2 (α2ε2) · HbE Gower 1 (ζ2ε2)

pathology: HbH (β4) · Barts (γ4) · HbS (α2βS2) · HbC (α2βC2) · HbE (α2βE2)
Compounds
Other human
Nonhuman
Other
Other
see also disorders of globin and globulin proteins

M: MYL

cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs

rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst

drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns